Witchcraft traditionally means the use of magic or supernatural powers to harm others. In medieval and early modern Europe, where the term originated, accused witches were usually women who were believed to have attacked their own community, and often to have communed with evil beings. It was thought witchcraft could be thwarted by protective magic or counter-magic, which could be provided by cunning folk or folk healers. Suspected witches were also intimidated, banished, attacked or killed.
Often they would be formally prosecuted and punished, if found guilty or simply believed to be guilty.
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